What are the types of e-governance/scopes of e-governance?

-

 E-governance is of four types depending on the specific types of services:

1. Government to Citizen (G2C):

  • The Government to citizen refers to the government services which enable citizens to get access to a wide variety of public services. 
  •  Most of the government services fall under G2C.
  •  A citizen can have access to the services anytime from anywhere.
  •  Services like license renewals and paying tax are essential in G2C.
  • It also focuses on geographic land barriers.


2. Government to Business (G2B):

  • G2B is the exchange of services between Government and Business organizations
  • G2B provides access to relevant forms needed to comply.
  • The G2B consists of many services exchanged between business sectors and the government.
  • It aims at eliminating paperwork, cost and establishes transparency in the business environment while interacting with the government.


3. Government to Government (G2G):

  • The Government to Government refers to the interaction between different government departments, organizations, and agencies.
  • In G2G government agencies can share the same database using online communication.
  • The government departments can work together.
  •  G2G services can be at the local level or international level.
  •  It provides a safe and secure interrelationship between domestic or foreign governments.


4. Government to Employee (G2E):

  • The Government to Employee is the internal part of the G2G sector.
  •  G2E aims to bring employees together and improvise knowledge sharing.
  • G2E provides online facilities to the employees like applying for leave, reviewing salary payment records, and checking the balance of the holiday.
  • This sector provides human resource training and development. the project, CET (Common Entrance Test).
  •  Examples of successful implementation of E-governance are e-Mitra, e-Seva

                                                  OR,

1. Government-to-Citizen(G2C)
  • The Government-to-citizen refers to the government services that are accessed by familiar people. And Most of the government services fall under G2C. Likewise, the primary goal of Government-to-citizen is to provide facilities to the citizen. It helps ordinary people to reduce the time and cost to conduct a transaction. A citizen can have access to the services anytime from anywhere.
  • Furthermore, Many services like license renewals, and paying taxes are essential in G2C. Likewise, spending the administrative fee online is also possible due to G2C. The facility of Government-to-Citizen enables the ordinary citizen to overcome time limitations. It also focuses on geographic land barriers.

2. Government-to-business (G2B)
  • The Government to business is the exchange of services between Government and Business organizations. It is efficient for both government and business organizations. G2B provides access to relevant forms needed to comply. The G2B also consists of many services exchanged between business sectors and the government.
  • Similarly, the Government to business provides Timely business information. And A business organization can have easy and convenient online access to government agencies. G2B plays a crucial role in business development. It enhances the efficiency and quality of communication and transparency of government projects.

3. Government-to-Government (G2G)
  • The Government-to-Government refers to the interaction between different government departments, organizations, and agencies. This increases the efficiency of government processes. In G2G, government agencies can share the same database using online communication. The government departments can work together. This service can increase international diplomacy and relations.
  • In conclusion, G2G services can be at the local level or the international level. It can communicate with global government and local government as well. Likewise, it provides a safe and secure inter-relationship between domestic or foreign governments. G2G constructs a universal database for all member states to enhance service.

4. Government-to-Employee (G2E)
  • The Government-to-Employee is the internal part of the G2G sector. Furthermore, G2E aims to bring employees together and improvise knowledge sharing.
  • Similarly, G2E provides online facilities to the employees. Likewise, applying for leave, reviewing salary payment records. And checking the balance of the holiday. The G2E sector provides human resource training and development. So, G2E is also the relationship between employees, government institutions, and their management.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Suppose that a data warehouse for Big-University consists of the following four dimensions: student, course, semester, and instructor, and two measures count and avg_grade. When at the lowest conceptual level (e.g., for a given student, course, semester, and instructor combination), the avg_grade measure stores the actual course grade of the student. At higher conceptual levels, avg_grade stores the average grade for the given combination. a) Draw a snowflake schema diagram for the data warehouse. b) Starting with the base cuboid [student, course, semester, instructor], what specific OLAP operations (e.g., roll-up from semester to year) should one perform in order to list the average grade of CS courses for each BigUniversity student. c) If each dimension has five levels (including all), such as “student < major < status < university < all”, how many cuboids will this cube contain (including the base and apex cuboids)?

-
Image
a) A Snowflake Shema is shown in figure below: b) The specific OLAP operations to be performed: 1. Roll-up on course from course_id to department. 2. Roll-up on a student from student_id to university. 3. Dice on course, student with department ="CS" and university = "biguniversity" 4. Drill-down on a student from the university to student_name. c) N = 4 dimensions The cube will contain 54 = 625 cuboids.
Read more

Suppose that a data warehouse consists of the four dimensions; date, spectator, location, and game, and the two measures, count and charge, where charge is the fee that a spectator pays when watching a game on a given date. Spectators may be students, adults, or seniors, with each category having its own charge rate. a) Draw a star schema diagram for the data b) Starting with the base cuboid [date; spectator; location; game], what specific OLAP operations should perform in order to list the total charge paid by student spectators at GM Place in 2004?

-
Image
  b) The specific OLAP operations to be performed are: 1. Roll-up on date from date id to year. 2. Roll-up on spectator from spectator id to status. 3. Roll-up on location from location id to location name. 4. Roll-up on the game from game id to all. 5. Dice with status= “students”, location name= “GM Place”, and year=2004
Read more

Discuss classification or taxonomy of virtualization at different levels.

-
Image
Taxonomy of virtualization Virtualization is mainly used to emulate the execution environment, storage, and networks. The execution environment is classified into two: – Process-level – implemented on top of an existing operating system.  – System-level – implemented directly on hardware and does not or minimum requirement of the existing operating system. OR,  Virtualization covers a wide range of emulation techniques that are applied to different areas of computing. A classification of these techniques helps us better understand their characteristics and use  V irtualization is mainly used to emulate  ● Execution Environments: To provide support for the execution of the programs eg. OS, and Application.  ○ Process Level: Implemented on top of an existing OS that has full control of the hardware  ○ System Level: Implemented directly on Hardware and do not require support from existing OS.  ● Storage: Storage vi...
Read more