Explain why the U.S. government wants to restrict the export of strong encryption systems. And why would other countries be against it?

-

The U.S. government wants to restrict the export of strong encryption systems because of the belief that it hinders their ability to hunt down terrorists and criminals. This push to impose further restrictions on the development, dissemination, and use of encryption technologies is based on the assumption that regulation can prevent terrorists from acquiring strong encryption. It also assumes that regulating encryption will not harm the information security of U.S. businesses and individuals. 

Other countries are against this because they believe that further regulations will not prevent terrorists from getting strong encryption. They believe that because the development and use of strong encryption have now spread worldwide and have been built into hundreds of millions of systems, including all e-commerce servers, and almost every Web browsing program that it would be impossible to regulate. Hundreds of encryption programs are available on the Internet. Approximately three dozen countries produce commercial encryption products. Even if the United States completely banned civilian encryption, it would still be available to terrorists from dozens of other international Web sites.

 Even if all countries banned civilian encryption, it would still be available via underground Internet sites; and even if all of those were closed down, terrorists could create their own encryption software. Some politicians and government officials have called for a ban on products that don’t include “back doors” for government surveillance. This would give law enforcement keys to unlock any encrypted messages. Though the keys would be securely maintained, privacy rights groups and business managers, as well as other governments, are concerned that the keys could be compromised, and that the U.S. government might abuse its power.

Shikhadeep.com.np


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Suppose that a data warehouse for Big-University consists of the following four dimensions: student, course, semester, and instructor, and two measures count and avg_grade. When at the lowest conceptual level (e.g., for a given student, course, semester, and instructor combination), the avg_grade measure stores the actual course grade of the student. At higher conceptual levels, avg_grade stores the average grade for the given combination. a) Draw a snowflake schema diagram for the data warehouse. b) Starting with the base cuboid [student, course, semester, instructor], what specific OLAP operations (e.g., roll-up from semester to year) should one perform in order to list the average grade of CS courses for each BigUniversity student. c) If each dimension has five levels (including all), such as “student < major < status < university < all”, how many cuboids will this cube contain (including the base and apex cuboids)?

-
Image
a) A Snowflake Shema is shown in figure below: b) The specific OLAP operations to be performed: 1. Roll-up on course from course_id to department. 2. Roll-up on a student from student_id to university. 3. Dice on course, student with department ="CS" and university = "biguniversity" 4. Drill-down on a student from the university to student_name. c) N = 4 dimensions The cube will contain 54 = 625 cuboids.
Read more

Suppose that a data warehouse consists of the four dimensions; date, spectator, location, and game, and the two measures, count and charge, where charge is the fee that a spectator pays when watching a game on a given date. Spectators may be students, adults, or seniors, with each category having its own charge rate. a) Draw a star schema diagram for the data b) Starting with the base cuboid [date; spectator; location; game], what specific OLAP operations should perform in order to list the total charge paid by student spectators at GM Place in 2004?

-
Image
  b) The specific OLAP operations to be performed are: 1. Roll-up on date from date id to year. 2. Roll-up on spectator from spectator id to status. 3. Roll-up on location from location id to location name. 4. Roll-up on the game from game id to all. 5. Dice with status= “students”, location name= “GM Place”, and year=2004
Read more

Discuss classification or taxonomy of virtualization at different levels.

-
Image
Taxonomy of virtualization Virtualization is mainly used to emulate the execution environment, storage, and networks. The execution environment is classified into two: – Process-level – implemented on top of an existing operating system.  – System-level – implemented directly on hardware and does not or minimum requirement of the existing operating system. OR,  Virtualization covers a wide range of emulation techniques that are applied to different areas of computing. A classification of these techniques helps us better understand their characteristics and use  V irtualization is mainly used to emulate  ● Execution Environments: To provide support for the execution of the programs eg. OS, and Application.  ○ Process Level: Implemented on top of an existing OS that has full control of the hardware  ○ System Level: Implemented directly on Hardware and do not require support from existing OS.  ● Storage: Storage virtualization is a system administration practice that allo
Read more