Notes for BSc CSIT

 Inheritance is a concept that acquires the properties from one class to another class. A class can inherit attributes and methods from another class. The class that inherits the properties is known as the sub-class or the child class. The class from which the properties are inherited is known as the superclass or the parent class. Benefits of Inheritance • Inheritance helps in code reuse. The child class may use the code defined in the paren class without re-writing it. • Inheritance can save time and effort as the main code need not be written again.  • Inheritance provides a clear model structure that is easy to understand. • An inheritance leads to less development and maintenance costs. • With inheritance, we will be able to override the methods of the base class so that the meaningful implementation of the base class method can be designed in the derived class. An inheritance leads to less development and maintenance costs.  • In inheritance base class can decide to keep some dat

Risk Management  - Risk management is a process of identifying risks that might affect the project schedule or quality of the project/software being developed and taking action to avoid these risks.  - Risk management involves identifying and assessing major project risks to establish the probability that they will occur and the consequences for the project if that risk does arise.   Risk Management Process The risk management process like other project-planning is an integrative process that continues throughout the project. The risk management process are:-  1)Risk Identification 2)Risk Analysis 3)Risk Planning 4)Risk Monitoring 1) Risk identification - Risk identification involves brainstorming activities, it is the first stage of risk management. It concerned with discovering possible risks to the project and may be carried out as a team process using past experience. It also involves the preparation of a risk list.  - Brainstorming is a group discussion technique where all the sta

Spiral Model - The spiral model, also known as the spiral lifecycle model or Boehm's model was introduced by Barry Boehm in 1988. It is a system development model based on process iteration.  - This model of development combines the features of the prototyping model and the waterfall model in order to eliminate almost every possible/ known risk factor from it.  - This model follows a spiral process as the development of the software takes place.  - In this model, the development of each modified version of the system prototype is carefully designed using the steps of the waterfall model.  - Starting from the center of the spiral process, and moving outward in the spiral route, each iteration helps to build a more complete version of the system in a progressive manner.  - The spiral model is similar to the incremental model, with more emphasis placed on risk analysis.   # The spiral model has the following major phases: 1 . Customer Communication : In this step, effective communicat

The different categories of software development  projects according to the COCOMO estimation model are: 1. Organic: A development project can be treated as the organic type if the project deals with developing a well-understood application program the size of the development team is reasonably small,& the team members are experienced in developing methods of project similar methods  of the project. E.g. simple business systems, simple înventory - management systems, data processing systems 2. Moderate : A development project can be treated with a moderate type if the development consists of a mixture of experienced and inexperienced staff. Team members have finite experience in related systems but may be unfamiliar with some aspects of the order being developed. E.g.  Semi-detached system includes developing a new operating system, a DBMS, a Complex Inventory Management System 3. Embedded : A development project is treated to be of an embedded type, if the software being develope